A literary blog on AI, tools, and thinking.https://herq.net/en-UShttps://herq.net/en/posts/llm-lora-dotrenowywanie/https://herq.net/en/posts/llm-lora-dotrenowywanie/How to specialize a finished model without touching its billions of weights: the low-rank hypothesis and the LoRA trick, the whole family of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, quantization and QLoRA, and finally - why fine-tune at all, that is, how a raw model becomes an assistant through instruction tuning and RLHF.Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTllm anatomyaillmfine-tuningdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/llm-blok-transformera/https://herq.net/en/posts/llm-blok-transformera/How one attention layer becomes a whole model: the three architecture families and why today's LLMs are almost always "decoders", the residual connections and normalization that let us stack dozens of layers, the FFN as a store of knowledge, and finally - how a concrete word emerges from a vector of numbers, from the softmax to temperature and nucleus sampling.Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTllm anatomyaillmtransformerdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/llm-mechanizm-uwagi/https://herq.net/en/posts/llm-mechanizm-uwagi/The heart of the Transformer: how every token "looks around" at the others and takes from them what it needs to sharpen its own meaning. From the bottleneck in old translation networks, through the famous scaled-attention formula and multi-head attention, to the KV-cache, FlashAttention, and the careful question - what do attention heads actually do, when "attention is not explanation".Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTllm anatomyaillmtransformerdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/llm-tokeny-embeddingi/https://herq.net/en/posts/llm-tokeny-embeddingi/A network does not see letters - it sees vectors. How text is split into tokens, why not into words nor characters, how subword algorithms (BPE, WordPiece, Unigram) build a vocabulary, and how the famous geometry of meaning is born, where "king - man + woman ≈ queen" - together with an honest critique of that analogy, and with the positional encoding that primers leave out.Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTllm anatomyaillmnlpdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/llm-sieci-parametry-trening/https://herq.net/en/posts/llm-sieci-parametry-trening/We take a handful of neurons and arrange them into a network: why the whole model boils down to matrix multiplication, how backpropagation turns random noise into an understanding of language, where the famous billions of parameters come from, and what the Kaplan and Chinchilla scaling laws really say - with formulas, history and concrete details.Wed, 10 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTllm anatomyaillmneural networksdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/llm-neuron-i-aktywacje/https://herq.net/en/posts/llm-neuron-i-aktywacje/The smallest building block of a language model under the microscope: where the artificial neuron came from, why without an activation function the whole network would be useless, and how ReLU, GELU and SwiGLU really differ - with formulas, history and concrete details from GPT, LLaMA and Gemma.Tue, 09 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTllm anatomyaillmneural networksdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/anatomia-llm/https://herq.net/en/posts/anatomia-llm/How is a language model really built? A guide without magic: neuron, weights, tokens, embeddings, the attention mechanism, the Transformer block and LoRA - step by step, with interactive diagrams to play with yourself.Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTllm anatomyaillmneural networkstransformerdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/context-rot-praca-z-duzym-kontekstem/https://herq.net/en/posts/context-rot-praca-z-duzym-kontekstem/A model will accept a million tokens, but it won't understand them the way you think. Context rot is real reasoning degradation under long context. Here's a practical guide: how to arrange, trim and maintain context so the model doesn't get dumber - for chat users and for devs.Sun, 07 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMTcontext rotcontextaipromptingagentsraghttps://herq.net/en/posts/lancuchy-markowa-fundament-llm/https://herq.net/en/posts/lancuchy-markowa-fundament-llm/A century-old mathematical proof drawn from 20,000 letters of Pushkin that today lets every language model predict the next word. The story, the proof step by step, and the bridge to modern LLMs.Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 GMTmathaillmprobabilitydeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/witaj-na-nowym-blogu/https://herq.net/en/posts/witaj-na-nowym-blogu/The first post in the new design. Why I rewrote the blog from scratch, what changed, and how to read what's here.Sun, 10 May 2026 00:00:00 GMTmetaastrotypographyhttps://herq.net/en/posts/typografia-jako-decyzja/https://herq.net/en/posts/typografia-jako-decyzja/A short note on why the choice of typeface and the rhythm of a text column changes more than it seems. With drop caps, definitions and examples from this blog.Sat, 09 May 2026 00:00:00 GMTtypographydesignmetahttps://herq.net/en/posts/rezonans-czlowiek-llm-kwantowe-lustro/https://herq.net/en/posts/rezonans-czlowiek-llm-kwantowe-lustro/From brain–LLM neural convergence, through the Platonic Representation Hypothesis and pseudo-intimacy, to Keppler's TRAZE theory and self-organized criticality - a deep analysis of why a conversation with AI isn't what it seems.Sat, 25 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMTaiconsciousnessphysicsresonanceanthropicdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/4-dyscypliny-promptowania/https://herq.net/en/posts/4-dyscypliny-promptowania/Prompting is no longer a single skill. In 2026 it split into four distinct disciplines - from prompt craft to spec engineering. Meet the framework that changes the rules of the game.Sun, 08 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMTpromptingaitoolshttps://herq.net/en/posts/fizyka-kwantowa-madre-istoty-nie-niszcza/https://herq.net/en/posts/fizyka-kwantowa-madre-istoty-nie-niszcza/From game theory and the evolution of cooperation, through the neurobiology of emotions, to the quantum foundations of consciousness - a deep analysis of why intelligence chooses to build instead of destroy.Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMTscienceevolutionconsciousnesscooperationphysicsdeep-divehttps://herq.net/en/posts/7-zasad-promptowania-claude/https://herq.net/en/posts/7-zasad-promptowania-claude/Seven rules for prompting straight from Anthropic: clarity, context, examples, positive instructions, directness, research, and documents. A practical framework that transforms the quality of Claude's responses.Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMTpromptingaianthropichttps://herq.net/en/posts/slash-commands-claude-code/https://herq.net/en/posts/slash-commands-claude-code/A full overview of slash commands in Claude Code: built-in shortcuts, custom commands, Skills, Sub-agents, and delegating tasks to the cloud. A practical guide for daily AI work in the terminal.Sun, 28 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMTclaude-codeaitools